Customising Molecular Skeletons for Superior Solar Energy

The quest for more efficient solar energy has led researchers to explore the intricate potential of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs). These materials consist of functional backbones and pores that can be finely tuned, making them exceptionally suitable for advanced solar systems. By manipulating their periodic donor-acceptor structures, scientists can better facilitate the separation and transfer of electrical charges—a fundamental step in converting light into power.

A recent review highlights how these porous materials are not just passive structures; their specific host-guest configurations allow them to interact dynamically with photons and electrons. This capability is proving essential for improving dye-sensitised, organic, and perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, Porous Organic Polymers (POPs) are playing a crucial role in vital device components, functioning effectively within electrodes and hole-carrying layers (the pathways that transport positive charges).

To maximise efficiency, each type of energy conversion requires precise structural modifications. Researchers are currently focusing on predesigning procedures for the material skeletons and channels to create optimal conditions for electro- and photocatalytic conversions. Although the field shows immense promise, significant challenges remain in molecular design and synthesis. Navigating these obstacles through interdisciplinary approaches in chemistry, physics, and materials science will be key to the future progression of these high-performance energy devices.